Enquête discrimination - 2004

Code enquête:

disc1

Label enquête:

Enquête discrimination - 2004

Année(s) de passation:

2004

Présentation:

The survey on experience of racial discrimination in Belgium has been carried out in April and May 2003 by the CEDEM  (Centre d’Etude de l’Ethnicité et des Migrations), University of Liege, as the Belgian contribution to the study promoted by the European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia covering 6 European countries. The same questionnaire has been used and translated into the relevant languages in order to guarantee the best possible comparability between all national contributions. However, a face-to-face survey based on quotas of populations has been chosen over the postal distribution used in most other countries, due to the impossibility to have a proper sample of addresses in the allowed time.

Four immigrant ethnic communities were selected:

• The Moroccans, since they are numerous in Belgium and quite often victim of prejudice against “Arabs” and Muslims. They also are often visible in the crowd. The main period of emigration to Belgium has been during the ‘60s, ‘70s and ‘80s even if Morrocan immigration goes on today. They are now well established.

• The Turks also speak a specific language and are quite numerous, but visibility is a lesser factor and they can thus more easily than Moroccans be confused with Belgians or other Europeans. Most of them share the Muslim faith with the Moroccans.

• The Congolese have been included in the survey since they are immediately recognized as of foreign origin, and also sometimes target of prejudices. Most of them speak French as mother tongue, making the linguistic skill mostly irrelevant at the time they arrive in Belgium. Religion is also not an issue in their relationship to Belgians. They are however far less numerous than the previous two communities.

• The Chinese carry fewer prejudices, possibly because they are not many, and, since they seem to stay in quite closed social spheres, they have the reputation to be quite discreet. They are of more recent immigration, and thus language can be an issue. The main results of the survey, which should be interpreted mainly in comparison with those from the other countries to neutralize the effects of.

Méthodologie:

750 surveys have been filled from three cities of residence, 250 from each, according to the following criteria:

• Liege was chosen as the French-speaking city because it has a long history of immigration, especially when Italian and Spanish workers were recruited to work in the coalmines after World War II.

• Brussels was another obvious choice because, with its bi-lingual status, it concentrates also many of the North-African immigrants and is the largest Belgian urban area.

• In the Dutch-speaking part of the country, Gent was chosen over Antwerp to avoid the too high level of expected conflict (very high scores of the extreme-right in Antwerp), which would have misrepresented the whole Flemish region. Gent qualified as a large but quieter city with a significant immigrant origin population.

Lien général

http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/other/c10411_en.htm